^ "Vláda schválila doplnení jednoslovného názvu Cesko v cizích jazycích do databází OSN" [The government has approved the addition of one-word Czech name in foreign languages to UN databases]. Ministerstvo zahraničních věcí České republiky (in Czech). 5 May 2016. Archived from the original on 28 August 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2018. ^ UNGEGN. "UNGEGN List of Country Names" (PDF). p. 27. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 July 2018. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) ^ European Union (5 July 2016). "Czechia".
12 July 2016. Archived from the original on 9 March 2018. Retrieved 11 February 2018. ^ Thompson, Wayne C. (2012). Nordic, Central and Southeastern Europe 2012. Stryker Post. pp. 345–. ISBN 978-1-61048-892-1. ^ "Czechia - the civic initiative". www. czechia-initiative. com. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
Administrative divisions Since 2000, the Czech Republic has been divided into thirteen regions (Czech: kraje, singular kraj) and the capital city of Prague. Every region has its own elected regional assembly and a regional governor. In Prague, the assembly and presidential powers are executed by the city council and the mayor. The older seventy-six districts (okresy, singular okres) including three "statutory cities" (without Prague, which had special status) lost most of their importance in 1999 in an administrative reform; they remain as territorial divisions and seats of various branches of state administration.
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Retrieved 24 January 2018. [Polish, from Czech Čech. ] ^ "Czech - Definition in English". Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 12 April 2018. Retrieved 11 April 2018. Origin Polish spelling of Czech Čech. ^ Spal, Jaromír. "Původ jména Čech". Naše řeč. Archived from the original on 9 December 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2012. ^ Sviták, Zbyněk (2014). "Úvod do historické topografie českých zemí: Územní vývoj českých zemí" (PDF). 1st edition (in Czech). Brno. pp. 75–80, 82, 92–96. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 23 June 2021. ^ "From Bohemia to Czechia - Radio Prague".
39 in) per day) are more frequent in the months of May to August (average around two such days per month). [78] Severe thunderstorms, producing damaging straight-line winds, hail, and occasional tornadoes occur, especially during the summer period. [79][80] Environment As of 2020, the Czech Republic ranks as the 21st most environmentally conscious country in the world in Environmental Performance Index. [81] It had a 2018 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 1. 71/10, ranking it 160th globally out of 172 countries. [82] The Czech Republic has four National Parks (Šumava National Park, Krkonoše National Park, České Švýcarsko National Park, Podyjí National Park) and 25 Protected Landscape Areas.
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In the classical era, as a result of the 3rd century BC Celtic migrations, Bohemia became associated with the Boii. [35] The Boii founded an oppidum near the site of modern Prague. [36] Later in the 1st century, the Germanic tribes of the Marcomanni and Quadi settled there. [37] Slavs from the Black Sea–Carpathian region settled in the area (their migration was pushed by an invasion of peoples from Siberia and Eastern Europe into their area:[38] Huns, Avars, Bulgars and Magyars). [39] In the sixth century, the Huns had moved westwards into Bohemia, Moravia, and some of present-day Austria and Germany. [39] During the 7th century, the Frankish merchant Samo, supporting the Slavs fighting against nearby settled Avars, [40] became the ruler of the first documented Slavic state in Central Europe, Samo's Empire.
Government The Czech Republic is a pluralist multi-party parliamentary representative democracy. The Parliament (Parlament České republiky) is bicameral, with the Chamber of Deputies (Czech: Poslanecká sněmovna, 200 members) and the Senate (Czech: Senát, 81 members). [83] The members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected for a four-year term by proportional representation, with a 5% election threshold. There are 14 voting districts, identical to the country's administrative regions.
Protestantism never recovered after the Counter-Reformation was introduced by the Austrian Habsburgs in 1620. Prior to the Holocaust, the Czech Republic had a sizable Jewish community of around 100, 000. There are many historically important and culturally relevant Synagogues in the Czech Republic such as Europe's oldest active Synagogue, The Old New Synagogue and the second largest Synagogue in Europe, the Great Synagogue (Plzeň). The Holocaust decimated Czech Jewry and the Jewish population as of 2021 is 3, 900. [191] According to the 2011 census, 34% of the population stated they had no religion, 10. 3% was Catholic, 0. 8% was Protestant (0.
[131] The non-public international airports capable of handling airliners are in Kunovice and Vodochody. [132] Russia, via pipelines through Ukraine and to a lesser extent, Norway, via pipelines through Germany, supply the Czech Republic with liquid and natural gas. [125] Communications and IT Founders and owners of the antivirus group Avast The Czech Republic ranks in the top 10 countries worldwide with the fastest average internet speed. [133] By the beginning of 2008, there were over 800 mostly local WISPs, [134][135] with about 350, 000 subscribers in 2007. Plans based on either GPRS, EDGE, UMTS or CDMA2000 are being offered by all three mobile phone operators (T-Mobile, O2, Vodafone) and internet provider U:fon. Government-owned Český Telecom slowed down broadband penetration.
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[108] According to Allianz A. G., in 2018 the country was an MWC (mean wealth country), ranking 26th in net financial assets. [109] The country experienced a 4. 5% GDP growth in 2017. [110] The 2016 unemployment rate was the lowest in the EU at 2. 4%, [111] and the 2016 poverty rate was the second lowest of OECD members.
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[26] After Czechoslovakia dissolved in 1992, the Czech Ministry of Foreign Affairs recommended Czechia for the English short name. [27] This form was not adopted at the time, leading to the long name Czech Republic being used in all circumstances. The Czech government approved Czechia as the official English short name in 2016. [28] The short name has been listed by the United Nations[29] and is used by other organizations such as the European Union, [30] NATO, [31] the CIA, [32] and Google Maps. [33] History Prehistory Archaeologists have found evidence of prehistoric human settlements in the area, dating back to the Paleolithic era.
A music festival in the country is Prague Spring International Music Festival of classical music, a permanent showcase for performing artists, symphony orchestras and chamber music ensembles of the world. Theatre The roots of Czech theatre can be found in the Middle Ages, especially in the cultural life of the Gothic period. In the 19th century, the theatre played a role in the national awakening movement and later, in the 20th century, it became a part of modern European theatre art.
During the 18th and 19th century the Czech National Revival began its rise, with the purpose to revive Czech language, culture, and national identity. The Revolution of 1848 in Prague, striving for liberal reforms and autonomy of the Bohemian Crown within the Austrian Empire, was suppressed. [56] It seemed that some concessions would be made also to Bohemia, but in the end, the Emperor Franz Joseph I affected a compromise with Hungary only. The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and the never realized coronation of Franz Joseph as King of Bohemia led to a disappointment of some Czech politicians.
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